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"[74][h], Jain inscriptions, such as the 10th-century Saundatti inscription about a donation of oil to Jinendra worship for the Diwali rituals, speak of Dipotsava. [20][45] The term is derived from the Sanskrit words dpa, "lamp, light, lantern, candle, that which glows, shines, illuminates or knowledge"[46] and vali, "a row, range, continuous line, series". [47][b], The five-day celebration is observed every year in early autumn after the conclusion of the summer harvest. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. [83][84][85] Hindus from the Braj region in northern India, parts of Assam, as well as southern Tamil and Telugu communities view Diwali as the day the god Krishna overcame and destroyed the evil demon king Narakasura, in yet another symbolic victory of knowledge and good over ignorance and evil. What makes Dev Deepawali different from Diwali? Earlier in the season's fortnight, some welcome the souls of their ancestors to join the family for the festivities with the Mahalaya. Diaspora, Identity, and Festivalization, The Festival of 'Deepavali' as Marks of Tradition and Identity for Working, Married Hindu Women: Continuity and Change, Celebrations as Social Investments: Festival Expenditures, Unit Price Variation, and Social Status in Rural India, M.A., English Literature, University of North Bengal. Many light diyas and keep them burning throughout the night. Naraka Chaturdashi, also known as Chhoti Diwali, is the second day of festivities coinciding with the fourteenth day of the dark fortnight of Ashwin or Kartik. It is intended to signify a brother's duty to protect his sister as well as sisters blessing their brothers. Lakshmi is the focus of worship on that day. [13][14][93][94], A scholar of Jain and Nivethan, states that in Jain tradition, Diwali is celebrated in observance of "Mahavira Nirvana Divas", the physical death and final nirvana of Mahavira. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Each day has a special significance as follows. Every year on the darkest night in the northern hemisphere, millions illuminate their homes and streets to celebrate the victory of good over evil. Illustrative Islamic records, states Stephen Blake, include those of 16th-century Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi who wrote, "during Diwali. the ignorant ones amongst Muslims, particularly women, perform the ceremonies they celebrate it like their own Id and send presents to their daughters and sisters,. they attach much importance and weight to this season [of Diwali]. The Hindu calendar is based on both the sun and moon (while the Gregorian calendar is only based on the sun). It's a celebration that takes place 15 days after Diwali - the Hindu festival of lights. [185] When these compounds pollute the air, they increase the risk of cancer in people. Diwali is known as the festival of lights in India. In 2023, it falls on a Sunday, and some businesses may choose to follow Sunday opening hours. The exact date changes every year because the Hindu calendar is lunar. 2. The reason Diwali's celebration date is different each year is that each of the Hindu calendarsthere are severalis lunisolar, meaning they take into effect both the movements of the sun and the moon. For some Hindus, it is a day to pray for the peace to the manes, or defiled souls of one's ancestors and light their way for their journeys in the cyclic afterlife. The festival falls sometime between October and November. October 18, 2019 By Simran Jeet Singh (RNS) With more than a billion people celebrating Diwali every year, the festival is one of the largest and most significant religious observances. Historical records appear inconsistent about the name of the lunar month in which Diwali is observed. [116] On this day, many Hindus clean their homes and business premises. [135][61] While the cleaning, or painting, of the home is in part for goddess Lakshmi, it also signifies the ritual "reenactment of the cleansing, purifying action of the monsoon rains" that would have concluded in most of the Indian subcontinent. Diwali, like many other Indian holidays, is based on the Indian lunar calendar, so the (internationally used) date of the festival changes each year, but it typically falls between mid-October and early November. [75][76] Another early 13th-century Sanskrit stone inscription, written in the Devanagari script, has been found in the north end of a mosque pillar in Jalore, Rajasthan evidently built using materials from a demolished Jain temple. Diwali is observed as a Gazetted Holiday throughout the nation. The names and events of the individual days of Diwali are as follows: The first day, known as Dhanteras, is dedicated to cleaning homes and purchasing small items of gold. Choti Diwali is the major shopping day for festive, Annakut community meals (left), Krishna holding, A sister ritually feeding her brother on Bhai Duj-Diwali, Dhanteras, Dhanatrayodashi, Yama Deepam (Day 1), Naraka Chaturdashi, Kali Chaudas, Chhoti Diwali, Hanuman Puja, Roop Chaudas, Yama Deepam (Day 2), Annakut, Balipratipada (Padwa), Govardhan Puja (Day 4), Bhai Duj, Bhau-Beej, Vishwakarma Puja (Day 5). [137][138] According to Pintchman, who quotes Raghavan, this ritual may also be linked to the tradition in some communities of paying respect to ancestors. [165] About two-thirds of Indian households, according to the ASSOCHAM forecast, would spend between 5,000 (US$63) and 10,000 (US$130) to celebrate Diwali in 2017. . According to Truschke, Aurangzeb did so because he found the festivals "distasteful" and also from "concerns with public safety" lurking in the background. "The first day . Each day of the festival has special significance. [79], Hindus of eastern India associate the festival with the Goddess Kali, who symbolises the victory of good over evil. Because Diwali is such a meaningful celebration, festivities are often planned years in advance. Important Read: Tips to Celebrate Diwali in 2021 History and Significance of Diwali [23] Another aspect of the festival is remembering the ancestors. One tradition starts a new month from the new moon, while the other starts it from the full moon. Cook, Sharell. [110] Some regions of India start Diwali festivities the day before Dhanteras with Govatsa Dwadashi. The holiday overlaps with the Hindu New Year and as a result is associated with a chance to reset and start anew. Indian Independence Day Independence Day is celebrated every year during August 15. The name is derived from the Sanskrit term dipavali, meaning row of lights. The festival generally symbolizes the victory of light over darkness. Most of the injuries sustained are Group I type burns (minor) requiring only outpatient care. One tradition links the festival to legends in the Hindu epic Ramayana, where Diwali is the day Rama, Sita, Lakshman and Hanuman reached Ayodhya after a period of 14 years in exile after Rama's army of good defeated demon king Ravana's army of evil. [186], (federal) = federal holidays, (abbreviation) = state/territorial holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (cultural) = holiday related to a specific racial/ethnic group or sexual minority, (week) = week-long holidays, (month) = month-long holidays, (36) = Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies. Gambling, especially in the form of card games, is encouraged as a way of ensuring good luck in the coming year and in remembrance of the games of dice played by Shiva and Parvati on Mount Kailasa or similar contests between Radha and Krishna. The lighting of the lamps celebrates the light of Mahaviras holy knowledge. In Bengal the goddess Kali is worshipped. Fireworks are often set off in the evening to celebrate Diwali. It is an official holiday in a dozen countries, while the other festive days are regionally observed as either public or optional restricted holidays in India. According to a Government of Himachal Pradesh and India publication, the Vishvakarma puja is observed on the fourth day of Diwali in the Himalayan state. Monier Monier Williams (2008 updated, Harvard University), Sanskrit English dictionary, . The exact dates change each year but this year, Diwali falls on Monday 24 October. [135] Vaishnava families recite Hindu legends of the victory of good over evil and the return of hope after despair on the Diwali night, where the main characters may include Rama, Krishna, Vamana or one of the avatars of Vishnu, the divine husband of Lakshmi. [126] Family members light up firecrackers, which some interpret as a way to ward off all evil spirits and the inauspicious, as well as add to the festive mood. [134], On the night of Diwali, rituals across much of India are dedicated to Lakshmi to welcome her into their cleaned homes and bring prosperity and happiness for the coming year. Here is everything you need to know about the festival and how it is celebrated. Merchants perform religious ceremonies and open new account books. Observances of Diwali differ depending on region and tradition. The festivities vary between different regions. [50] It is mentioned in mentioned in early Sanskrit texts, such as the Padma Purana and the Skanda Purana, both of which were completed in the second half of the 1st millennium CE. The second day, called NarakaChaturdashiorChotiDiwali, commemorates Krishnas destruction of Narakasura; prayers are also offered for the souls of ancestors. Diwali is a five-day religious festival. When Is Diwali (Deepavali)? Spread joy. Sharell Cook lives in Mumbai full-time and writes about India travel. It is observed on the 15th day of the 8th month (the month of Kartik) in India's calendar. Corrections? The festival usually falls between mid-October and mid-November. [117][118][119], The third day is the height of the festival,[126] and coincides with the last day of the dark fortnight of Ashwin or Kartik. The doors and windows of houses are kept open in the hope that Lakshmi will find her way inside and bless the residents with wealth and success. Diwali is celebrated in the Hindu month of Kartik. [117] Some Hindus observe Yama Deepa on the second night before the main day of Diwali.[118][119]. Diwali 2023: 12 th of November, Sunday It coincides with the day of Kali Chaudas. [100], Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas in remembrance of the release of Guru Hargobind from the Gwalior Fort prison by the Mughal emperor Jahangir and the day he arrived at the Golden Temple in Amritsar. Learn Religions, Oct. 12, 2021, learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1539426. Diwali Dates Detailed Information [56], Diwali was also described by numerous travelers from outside India. each day of the five-day Diwali comes with a different set of traditions. A variety of entertainments are usually available for inhabitants of the local community to enjoy. According to Pintchman, in some Hindu traditions the women recite tales where sisters protect their brothers from enemies that seek to cause him either bodily or spiritual harm. The Catholic dicastery Pontifical Council for Interreligious Dialogue, founded as Secretariat for non-Christians by Pope Paul VI, began sending official greetings and the Pope's message to the Hindus on Diwali in the mid-1990s. The Prayer Hymn (Aarti) for the Hindu Diwali Celebration, The Real Reason for the Hindu Raksha Bandhan Celebration, Hindu Calendar: Days, Months, Years and Epochs, Fasting, Praying, and Regular Hindu Rituals. This is believed to please Yama, the god of death, and to ward off untimely death. [79] The festival formally begins two days before the night of Diwali, and ends two days thereafter. [167] In 2020, the INDF ETF was launched to mark the start of Diwali. [114], On the second day of Diwali, Hanuman Puja is performed in some parts of India especially in Gujarat. Diwali is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the Hindu month of Kartika and, much like Easter, the date changes every year. [143], The last day of the festival, the second day of the bright fortnight of Kartik, is called Bhai Duj (literally "brother's day"[146]), Bhau Beej, Bhai Tilak or Bhai Phonta. Deepavali means a row of lights, where 'deep' means light and 'avali' means row. The first day, November 2, is Dhanteras. Furthermore, when specifying the masa, one of two traditions are applicable, viz. Goddess of Wealth, Lakshmi Devi is worshipped on this day and it is customary to purchase precious articles. [109][133] According to Rachel Fell McDermott, a scholar of South Asian, particular Bengali, studies, in Bengal during Navaratri (Dussehra elsewhere in India) the Durga puja is the main focus, although in the eastern and north eastern states the two are synonymous, but on Diwali the focus is on the puja dedicated to Kali. Diwali, also known as Deepavali, falls on 4 November this year. Like : If I was born on Sept 18 th - which is a full moon day I need to celebrate my bday on a full moon day in that month( even month is different from calender months) Hop. Grewal, a scholar of Sikhism and Sikh history, Diwali in the Sikh tradition is older than the sixth Guru Hargobind legend. In 2022, the five days of Diwali begin on October 22, with the most important festival date taking place on October 24. A few, notably the Mughal emperor Akbar, welcomed and participated in the festivities,[62][63] whereas others banned such festivals as Diwali and Holi, as Aurangzeb did in 1665. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Hence Deepavali has been . It's observed on the 15th day of Kartik, the holiest month in the Hindu lunar calendar. On this day, Lord Dhanwantari came out of the ocean with Ayurvedic for mankind. Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of good fortune and prosperity, is the primary deity worshiped during Diwali. Cook, Sharell. It also marks the beginning of the Hindu New Year. [109] Textual evidence suggests that Bengali Hindus worshipped Lakshmi before the colonial era, and that the Kali puja is a more recent phenomenon. The common celebratory practices are known as the festival of light, however there are minor differences from state to state in India. One of the earliest reports on this variation was by Wilson in 1847. The darkest night is the apex of the celebration and coincides with the second half of October or early November in the Gregorian calendar. Diwali or Deepawali, known as the "festival of lights," is usually celebrated in October or November, and is on October 24 this year. It's observed on the 15th day of the month. It symbolizes the victory of good over evil and an even deeper meaning is to drive away our inner darkness with light. Diwali, also spelled Divali, one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism, lasting for five days from the 13th day of the dark half of the lunar month Ashvina to the second day of the light half of the lunar month Karttika. [135][136] At dusk, lamps placed earlier in the inside and outside of the home are lit up to welcome Lakshmi. https://www.learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1539426 (accessed March 4, 2023). This year, celebrations began on Saturday, with the "main Diwali " falling today, Monday October 24, which marks the . [147] In historic times, this was a day in autumn when brothers would travel to meet their sisters, or invite their sister's family to their village to celebrate their sister-brother bond with the bounty of seasonal harvests. [98][99] This traditional belief of the origin of Diwali, and its significance to Jains, is reflected in their historic artworks such as paintings. Sainsbury's bans fireworks across . [114][43][82] On the evening of Dhanteras, families offer prayers (puja) to Lakshmi and Ganesha, and lay offerings of puffed rice, candy toys, rice cakes and batashas (hollow sugar cakes). * There are many stories around the celebration of Diwali. It is believed that spirits roam around on the night of Kali Chaudas, and Hanuman, who is the deity of strength, power, and protection, is worshipped to seek protection from the spirits. After firing, the fine dust particles get settled on the surrounding surfaces which are packed with chemicals like copper, zinc, sodium, lead, magnesium, cadmium and pollutants like oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. Some celebrate Diwali as a commemoration of the marriage of Lakshmi and Vishnu, while othersobserve it as the birthday of Lakshmi. [129] At dusk, family members gather for the Lakshmi Pujan,[129] although prayers will also be offered to other deities, such as Ganesha, Saraswati, Rama, Lakshmana, Sita, Hanuman, or Kubera. The dates of Diwali change every year, though the five day festival generally falls between late October and early November. Make sure you check the dates online if you plan on visiting India during Diwali. [121] The day and its rituals are interpreted as ways to liberate any souls from their suffering in "Naraka", or hell, as well as a reminder of spiritual auspiciousness. Diwali, also spelled Divali, is one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism. This event is free and UCF students of all backgrounds are encouraged to attend. Holi Dates: When is Holi in 2021, 2022 and 2023? While Diwali spans five days, the holiday reaches its peak on day three this year, falling on Oct. 24, 2022. This celebration lasts five days and takes place during the Hindu lunisolar month, Kartika. Diwali is one of the major religious festivals in Hinduism, Jainism, and Sikhism. Also known as the festival of lights, it's celebrated by Sikhs, Hindus, Jains and some Buddhists. It is a national holiday in India which marks its independence from the United Kingdom on August 15, 1947. Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/when-is-diwali-1539426. Ths festival of lights, i.e. This day marks the beginning of deepawali celebrations. This is believed to please Yama (Yamraj), the god of death, and to ward off untimely death. Hindus celebrate Diwali. They celebrate by lighting lamps, decorating temples and monasteries, and worshipping the Buddha. The incredible amount of fireworks and firecrackers set off during the five days of Diwali have become an issue in many Indian cities, to the point that ambient air and noise during Diwali are considered somewhat of a health hazard. Diwali 2021: What the holiday . When you visit this site, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. For other uses, see, Indoor Diwali decorations in front of an altar, Line of lamps at Bedara Kannappa temple, Mysore, Diyas lit for Diwali at Golden Temple, Punjab, Decorative lights for Diwali on a house in Haryana. The word Deepawali comes from the Sanskrit word deep, which means an Indian lantern/lamp. The Vishwakarma puja day is alternatively observed in other Hindu communities in accordance with the Hindu solar calendar, and this falls in September. In 2022, Diwali will begin on October 22, and end on October 26. The third day is the day of Lakshmi Puja and the darkest night of the traditional month. On this day, sisters will give gifts to their brothers and invite them to enjoy a meal. Diwali Diwali (or Deepawali, Deepavali) is an ancient Hindu festival that is celebrated in autumn every year. For Sikhs, the celebration highlights the release of guru Hargobind Singh from prison and his return to Amritsar. [12] According to Goldstein, these are then shaped into various forms, such as laddus, barfis, halwa, kachoris, shrikhand, and sandesh, rolled and stuffed delicacies, such as karanji, shankarpali, maladu, susiyam, pottukadalai. The dates for Diwali change each year, as they are based on the Hindu lunisolar calendar. [19] Diwali is also marked with fireworks and the decoration of floors with rangoli designs, and other parts of the house with jhalars. This year, it begins in the first week of November from 2nd-6th. Learn about Diwali, when it occurs, and common traditions! Every year the festival falls either in November or in October and that depends on how the cycle of moon is going in that particular year. [176], Every year during Diwali, Indian forces approach their Pakistani counterparts at the border bearing gifts of traditional Indian confectionery, a gesture that is returned in kind by the Pakistani soldiers who give Pakistani sweets to the Indian soldiers. Diwali also known as Deepavali is the . This year, Diwali will be on Thursday, Nov. 4. The Prayer Hymn (Aarti) for the Hindu Diwali Celebration, Hindu Calendar: Days, Months, Years and Epochs, The Real Reason for the Hindu Raksha Bandhan Celebration, History and Significance of Diwali, the Festival of Lights, Reasons to Celebrate Diwali the Festival of Lights, Calendar of Hindu Festivals, Fasts, and Religious Events 20202025, The History of Vasant Panchami, the Birth of Hindu Goddess Saraswati, A Guide to the 6 Seasons of the Hindu Calendar, A Guide to Lohri, The Hindu Winter Bonfire Festival, Evaluating Population Exposure to Environmental Pollutants During Deepavali Fireworks Displays Using Air Quality Measurements of the Safar Network, Whose Diwali Is It? [81], Many Hindus associate the festival with Goddess Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, and wife of Vishnu. Although not a primary festival of Buddhism, Diwali is celebrated by some Buddhists as a commemoration of the day when Emperor Ashoka converted to Buddhism in the 3rd century BCE. [86][87], Trade and merchant families and others also offer prayers to Saraswati, who embodies music, literature and learning and Kubera, who symbolises book-keeping, treasury and wealth management. When you visit this site, it may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. Though technically religious, it's also become a cultural event in North America that's celebrated with sweets and special foods. [95] According to the Jain tradition, this practice of lighting lamps first began on the day of Mahavira's nirvana in 527 BCE,[j] when 18 kings who had gathered for Mahavira's final teachings issued a proclamation that lamps be lit in remembrance of the "great light, Mahavira". Diwali is observed on the day of Amavasya or the new moon and marks the start of the Hindu New Year. [177][s], The use of fireworks also causes an increase in the number of burn injuries in India during Diwali. A lunar half-month is 15 days. [116], On Yama Deepam (also known as Yama Dipadana or Jam ke Diya), Hindus light a diya, ideally made of wheat flour and filled with sesame oil, that faces south in the back of their homes. The date of the five day festival changes every year in accordance with the Hindu and lunar calendar. In North India the festival also celebrates the royal homecoming of Rama (along with Sita, Lakshmana, and Hanuman) to the city of Ayodhya after defeating Ravana, the 10-headed king of the demons, thus connecting the festival with the holiday of Dussehra.