Where are we now, in 2022, on blood type and Covid? Socio-economic status is a big vulnerability, and age and health are next in line for susceptibility. She is a 2020 J2 Achievement Award winner for her COVID-19 coverage. and transmitted securely. Figure3 Quantitation of cell immune responses on days 1240 following administration of the Chinese inactivated vaccine. Immune responses to the heterologous vaccination schedule were within the range of those reported using homologous schedules. Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on LinkedIn. Even DNA testing company 23andMe tapped their customers and found that among 750,000 people who were diagnosed and hospitalized for Covid (this was prior to vaccines), those with type O were more protected. One study published by the CDC reports that from March 2020 to January 2021, patients with COVID-19 had nearly 16 times the risk for myocarditis compared with patients who did not have COVID-19. Once a vaccine goes into your arm, your blood flow increases and immune cells rush to the scene. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the cellular immune responses and neutralizing antibody kinetics of homologous and heterologous administrations of an inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine 240 days . Reactogenicity analysis results are presented as percentage of participants. In November 2021 in The New England Journal of Medicine, he proposed that an autoimmune mechanism triggered by the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein might explain both Long Covid symptoms and some rare vaccine side effects, and he called for more basic research to probe possible connections. Wong LP, Alias H, Siaw YL, Muslimin M, Lai LL, Lin Y, et al. J Clin Transl Res. Therefore, we could not determine the level of neutralizing antibodies against viruses that cause breakthrough infection or severe infection. The difference may be the type of antibodies we produce depending on blood type. navigator.sendBeacon('https://www.google-analytics.com/collect', payload); This may be due to the increased exposure of medical staff to patients with COVID-19 compared to people in other occupations. The levels of IFN- and CD4+ T-lymphocytes were not altered in the participants for 240 days after vaccination, whereas the levels of neutralizing antibodies, B-lymphocytes, and IL-6 decreased with increasing time after vaccination. One study of over 3,000 people who got a COVID-19 vaccine did not find any increased side effects or other issues among people with different blood types. Lau YL, Fan Leung T, Sirvan Cetin B, Cagri Dinleyici E, Huang LM, Halperin SA, et al. Results: Most participants [582/595; 146 male participants, 449 female participants; mean age 35 (2650 years)] rapidly developed neutralizing antibodies after two doses of the vaccine administered 3-weeks apart. But VWF also . The full coverage rate of the COVID-19 vaccination program has reached approximately 90% of the population required to be vaccinated in 2022 (10). xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'); People with Type O blood might be slightly more protected from the virus, and people with Type A slightly more vulnerable. In addition, we are grateful to our colleagues Wenning Yang, Yafei Chu, Qiong Ma, and Wenbo Xu, who assisted with sample collection. In all cases, the immune system creates antibodies that activate platelets in the bloodstream, he said. Because these detected records included missing data for neutralizing antibodies and cellular immune responses, we used mixed linear models that can handle unequal numbers of repeated observations for individuals when there were random missing data. We excluded 14 (2.4%) participants from the regression analysis and mixed model analysis due to missing data: 8 who withdrew their consent, 2 who did not answer age-related questions, 2 who missed a follow-up visit, and 2 who did not provide blood samples (Figure1). Both primary and safety analyses included all participants who received two doses of the inactivated vaccine and had suffered local and systemic adverse events for 30 consecutive days after vaccination. Shutterstock The researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Canada, examined the test results of 225,556 Canadians who had been tested for COVID-19 between Jan. 15 and Jun. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(21)01420-3, 15. The blood group types did not affect the clinical outcomes. Tianjin CanSino produces the adenovirus vaccine type for a vaccination program of one dose and Anhui Zhifei produces the recombinant protein vaccine type for a vaccination program of three doses at intervals of 1 month (12). Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on Instagram. Pain at the injection site, alongside redness and/or swelling Extended fatigue Headaches Widespread muscle pain Joint pain Chills Fever Nausea and vomiting According to current FDA publications,. In both groups, most of the adverse events were mild (n = 25, 81.1%) or moderate (n = 6, 18.9%) and self-limited. Progress and challenge of COVID-19 vaccine development. Huang W, Shao X, Wagner AL, Chen Y, Guan B, Boulton ML, et al. Further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author. One of the most unusual and serious side-effects of the COVID-19 vaccine jab, which has been reported from various corners is Blood clotting. That's why people are observed for at least 15 minutes after receiving the vaccine with epinephrine at the ready. After the administration of the inactivated vaccine, the GMC of neutralizing antibodies decreased from 50.2 IU/mL on day 30 to 17.7 IU/mL (average decrease: 32.3%) and 13.3 IU/mL (average decrease: 25.9%) on days 180 and 240, respectively, representing an average monthly decrease of 10.1% (Figure2B). After adjusting for age, sex, occupation, blood type, interval between doses of vaccination, vaccination duration, and BMI, the highest geometric mean concentration (GMC) of neutralizing antibodies was 53.1 IU/mL in the same-manufacturer vaccination group at 1530 days, which was slightly but significantly higher than the 44.6 IU/mL found in the mixed-manufacturer vaccination group (p < 0.001) (Table2; Figure2B). This type of swelling is a normal reaction to the vaccine and will typically occur on the same side as the arm where the shot was given, said Dr. Geeta Swamy, a maternal-fetal medicine specialist . Less than 2% of the population have B negative blood. Lancet Infect Dis (2022) 22:47382. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies However, the incidence of fever, injection site pain, and malaise in the mixed-manufacturer vaccination group was slightly but significantly (p < 0.01) higher (1/143, 0.71%) than in the same-manufacturer vaccination group (1/425, 0.28; Figure2F). Eur J Med Res. if( navigator.sendBeacon ) { "Or by being Type O, the virus gets in but the A antibody prevents it from docking with enough cells to cause disease. This article is part of Harvard Medical School's continuing coverage of medicine, biomedical research, medical education and policy related to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the disease COVID-19. Accessibility Introduction: In China, the long-term immunogenicity and adverse effects of inactivated vaccines produced by different or the same manufacturer remain unclear. First there is a reaction in the arm where you are injected - think swelling and soreness - as the immune system swings into gear. "We don't know why that is, how long these symptoms will last or if there are effective ways to treat them. Previous research has found that people with A blood types are more at risk. To date, most of the Chinese population has been vaccinated with the inactivated vaccine. "There's a fairly decent amount of existing literature beyond SARS-CoV-2" that certain blood types can play a role in disease risk and severity, says Joel Ray, M.D., a clinician scientist and professor at St. Michael's . Disclaimer. The most basic idea is that blood type might influence a persons ability to fight the virus, says David Aronoff, M.D., director of the division of infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center in Nashville. To control the COVID-19 epidemic and build an active immunization barrier among populations, the Chinese Government provided free COVID-19 vaccination to all citizens as of December 2020 (3). We also evaluated CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, B-cell counts, and IFN- and IL-6 levels after stimulation with the S protein of SARS-CoV-2 in 543, 539, 513, and 512 individuals, respectively. A retrospective analysis of clinically confirmed long post-COVID vaccination syndrome. B negative patients can only receive blood from other B negative donors or from type O negative donors (who are the universal donors). Hum Vaccin Immunother. Copyright 2023 Yuan, Xu, Ma, Chen, Wang, Wang, Jing, Zhang, Wang, Yan, Zhang, Zhao and Li. "Given the large and prospective nature of our study and its strongly null results, we believe that important associations of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 with ABO groups are unlikely and will not be useful factors associated with disease susceptibility or severity on either an individual or population level for similar environments and ancestries," they concluded. Researchers think the clotting may be triggered by the high . Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control And Prevention, China. 2023;47(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s42269-023-00981-7. You experience shortness of breath or swelling of the lips or face. Epub 2023 Jan 9. Dr. Susan R. Bailey, an allergist, immunologist and president of the American Medical Association, said side effects develop because your immune system is reacting to the vaccine. The full eligibility criteria were provided in the volunteer recruitment notification distributed through social networks, including WeChat groups. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. FOIA COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: A scoping review. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00770-X, 26. Very common side effects in the . Med Sci Monit (2022) 28:e938532. On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group . Li G, Cappuccini F, Marchevsky NG, Aley PK, Aley R, Anslow R, et al. Side effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccination. Additionally, "Rh had a lower [adjusted relative risk] of severe COVID-19 illness or death.". A new study has good news for more than a third of Americans. 20052022 MedPage Today, LLC, a Ziff Davis company. The blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (57% vs. 38%, P < 0.001; OR: 2.1). That link was established pretty early on in the pandemic and scientists didn't let it go. The number of participants was relatively small, and at the time of the clinical study design, the administrators did not advocate the administration of vaccines from different manufacturers for separate doses. document.addEventListener( 'DOMContentLoaded', function() { As of Dec. 24, there were more than 700,000 reports of adverse events . World J Clin Cases. It shows the vaccine is teaching your body's immune system how to protect itself from the disease. This study was a multicenter, longitudinal, prospective, observational study conducted in two hospitals (Henan Provincial Peoples Hospital and Zhengzhou Municipal Chinese Medicine Hospital) and one institution (Henan Electric Power Survey and Design Institute) in central China. He had personal struggles during a life-changing year. Data were calculated based on a linear mixed-effects model adjusted for vaccine manufacturer, sex, age, blood type, occupation, and body mass index (BMI). Neutralizing antibody levels were associated with a 33.89% decrease in anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein IgG standardized ELISA titers 180 days after the second vaccination (21), similar to our results, that is, a 32.3% decrease in neutralizing antibody levels in the following 180 days. Vaccination is the most effective measure to reduce mortality from COVID-19 and serious diseases (12); however, vaccines are scarce in certain countries and some regions in China (13). ae0fcc31ae342fd3a1346ebb1f342fcb, "An Rh status seemed protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection," the study authors wrote. Those who are O-negative may be the least likely to get COVID. If youre older or have an underlying disease like cancer, diabetes, or heart disease, youre more likely to develop a severe case of coronavirus, Dr. Udden adds. Participants with blood type A had lower levels of neutralizing antibodies than those with blood type B during 114 days after vaccination (least-square mean difference = 15.8, 95% CI 11.025.2; p = 0.044) (Table S2). doi: 10.6061/clinics/2021/e3286. There's no known connection between blood types and side effects from COVID-19 vaccines. 2023 Feb 25;28(1):102. doi: 10.1186/s40001-023-00992-0. Acceptance of COVID-19 booster vaccination based on the protection motivation theory: A cross-sectional study in China. "The smaller sample sizes and retrospective, observational nature of many prior studies, in addition to their striking heterogeneity of ABO associations with disease susceptibility and severity, could be due to chance variations, publication bias, differences in genetic background, geography and environment, and viral strains," they wrote. The researchers at St. Michael's Hospital in Toronto, Canada, examined the test results of 225,556 Canadians who had been tested for COVID-19 between Jan. 15 and Jun. As with all vaccines, side effects may occur after getting the COVID-19 vaccine. All Rights Reserved. Environ Res (2022) 215:114131. doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.114131, 3. J Clin Epidemiol (2022) 144:16372. Occupation was another contributing factor, as the medical staff produced one-fold more neutralizing antibodies than the workers during the 1240 days after vaccination (B = 1.0, 95% CI 1.5 to 0.55; p < 0.001; Table2; Figure2D). All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Research in other countries has shown that the antibody titer of individuals vaccinated with a different type of vaccine 28 days after the first vaccination was higher than that of individuals vaccinated with a vaccine from the same manufacturer for both doses, without an increase in adverse reactions (14). afficher des publicits et des contenus personnaliss en fonction de vos profils de centres dintrt; mesurer lefficacit des publicits et contenus personnaliss; et. Research is still finding clues about who's more susceptible and why. The duration of the immune response was determined for each participant as the time interval between the date of blood collection and that of the second dose of the vaccine. Women and younger adults tend to have more side effects than men or older adults do. Vous pouvez modifier vos choix tout moment en cliquant sur le lien Tableau de bord sur la vie prive prsent sur nos sites et dans nos applications. Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on Twitter. 1 The symptoms commonly reported were similar to those already associated with COVID-19 vaccines like fatigue, headache, and muscle pain. If you are hesitant because of the possibility of COVID vaccine side effects, the good news is, the risk of a severe reaction is low andDr. 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Just because youre Type O doesnt mean youre in the clear. Bull Natl Res Cent. All studies so far have only looked at blood type in connection to symptomatic cases of coronavirus, Dr. Aronoff points out. Kaulen LD, Doubrovinskaia S, Mooshage C, Jordan B, Purrucker J, Haubner C, Seliger C, Lorenz HM, Nagel S, Wildemann B, Bendszus M, Wick W, Schnenberger S. Eur J Neurol. Although the statistical analysis controlled for potential confounders, we included variables that showed significant associations with humoral and cellular responses in the mixed model. 2021 Nov 15;360:577703. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2021.577703. Follow. Participants in the mixed-manufacturer vaccination group, those with an interval of >40 days between doses of vaccination, and workers produced lower levels of IL-6 than those in the same-manufacturer vaccination group, those with an interval of <40 days between doses of vaccination, and medical staff (B = 0.01, 95% CI 0.014 to 0.003, p = 0.003, B = 0.44, 95% CI 0.8 to 0.1, p = 0.019, and B = 1.5, 95% CI 2.1 to 0.9, p < 0.001, respectively; Table6; Figures3FH). Lancet Infect Dis (2022) 22:5663. The development of a vaccine that can overcome disadvantages including the stability of the materials used, limited immune response, and side effects, such as blood clotting, and provide a durable immune response will offer better protection from the deadly COVID-19 virus, the study said. Moderna says 9.7% of their participants felt fatigued and 4.5% got . Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in children aged 6-17 years: A preliminary report of COV006, a phase 2 single-blind, randomised, controlled trial. COVID-19 vaccines can cause mild side effects after the first or second dose, including: Pain, redness or swelling where the shot was given Fever Fatigue Headache Muscle pain Chills Joint pain Nausea and vomiting Swollen lymph nodes Feeling unwell Most side effects go away in a few days. Cell Res (2022) 32:1036. 36 COVID-19 vaccine recipients develop rare blood disorder after getting Moderna, Pfizer shots Immune thrombocytopenia is a condition that causes your platelet count to fall. But now, there's finally some good news for a third of Americans. Most participants rapidly developed neutralizing antibodies after two doses of the Chinese COVID-19 inactivated vaccine administered 3 weeks apart. Vaccines are still important, as are smart choices to protect yourself from germs. Side effects after getting a #COVID19 vaccine are normal signs your body is building protection. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. Pour en savoir plus sur la faon dont nous utilisons vos donnes personnelles, veuillez consulter notre politique relative la vie prive et notre politique en matire de cookies. Blood type is not associated with a severe worsening of symptoms in people who have tested positive for COVID-19, report Harvard Medical School researchers based at Massachusetts General Hospital. Lorsque vous utilisez nos sites et applications, nous utilisons des, authentifier les utilisateurs, appliquer des mesures de scurit, empcher les spams et les abus; et. Researchers in China first shared this idea in March 2020, and the findings were echoed by a paper out of Columbia University a month later. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of BNT162b2 booster in ChAdOx1-s-primed participants (CombiVacS): A multicentre, open-label, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. This weird trivia you didn't know about the world will blow you away. O is the most common blood type in the U.S.: 37 percent of white Americans fall into this category, according to the American Red Cross, with the numbers rising to 47 percent among African-Americans, 53 percent among Latinx-Americans, and 39 percent of Asian-Americans. Discussion: Two doses of the Chinese inactivated vaccine induced robust and rapid antibody expression and cellular immune responses. Participants with documented reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction-confirmed COVID-19 or those who had been vaccinated with any other vaccine (e.g., influenza or others) or booster vaccine since the primary dose were excluded. Nausea. 8 A total of 3 643 918 persons were enrolled in v-safe and completed at least 1 health survey within 7 days following their first vaccine dose; 1 920 872 v-safe participants reported receiving a second vaccine dose and completed at . Third, because of limited resources, we could not perform pseudo-virus neutralization tests of neutralizing antibodies against COVID-19 (27). J Neuroimmunol. Whether mild or severe, data from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), has shown that women are bearing the brunt of vaccine reactions, and experts believe it may be due to . Negative blood types are also somewhat protected from the virus. Costa Clemens SA, Weckx L, Clemens R, Almeida Mendes AV, Ramos Souza A, Silveira MBV, et al. Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on Facebook. Fatigue, headaches, muscle and joint aches and fever are all potential side effects as well. 2021 Oct 11;76:e3286. When a vaccine is injected, the body's immune response jumps into action, responding to the presence of a foreign entity. Finally, individuals with certain occupations, including workers, especially older individuals and men, had low levels of antibodies and had weakened cellular immune responses following the second dose compared to their counterparts, suggesting that a longer gap between vaccine doses, which is a strategy in effect in some countries, should be re-evaluated, especially for more susceptible populations. Tenforde MW, Self WH, Adams K, Gaglani M, Ginde AA, McNeal T, et al. Thiruvengadam R, Awasthi A, Medigeshi G, Bhattacharya S, Mani S, Sivasubbu S, et al. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Front Immunol (2022) 13:863554. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.863554, 25. Our findings could provide evidence for an appropriate vaccination strategy against COVID-19. In contrast, people with blood type O appear to have about a 50 percent reduced risk of severe COVID-19. Second, the reported adverse events could also have been underestimated due to the small number of participants and short observation period. This type of side effect most commonly occurs within the first hour of when the vaccine is given and usually immediately after. Based on our research, we rate FALSE the claim that 1 million "COVID-vaccine injuries" are reported in a CDC database. doi:10.1128/spectrum.01181-21, 21. But theres another interesting layer to a potential protective element in Type O blood: something called von Willebrand factor, which is a glycoprotein in charge of repairing damage to blood vessels by prompting your blood to clot. Factors that influence the concentration of neutralizing antibodies and cellular responses were analyzed using a multivariate linear regression model, which could be set on one of the classified variances as a reference to calculate the B value (18). This work was supported by the Henan Provincial Key Programs in Science and Technology [grant numbers 202102310355 and 182102311241] to YY and WY, and the Joint Program of Medical Science and Technology Research of Henan Province [grant numbers SB 201903018, LHGJ 20190611, and LHGJ 20200016] to YY and BW. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on Friday published new data listing the most common side effects Americans reported after receiving shots of Pfizer 's or Moderna 's Covid-19 vaccines. Hermel DJ, Spierling Bagsic SR, Costantini CL, Mason JR, Gahvari ZJ, Saven A. ABO phenotype and clinical correlates of COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients. This can begin anywhere from a few minutes to a few hours after the injection. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Booster shots were administered to people at least 6 months after their previous vaccination on October 20, 2021 (49). Table1 Baseline characteristics of the study participants (N = 595). First-line lorlatinib or crizotinib in advanced ALK-positive lung cancer. All analyses, including linear regression, linear mixed models, and adverse effect analysis, were conducted using SPSS 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA) and plotted using Prism 8.0. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Reactogenicity analysis was based on solicited adverse events in 425 and 143 participants from the control and intervention groups, respectively, 30 days after vaccination. Interestingly, the concentration of neutralizing antibodies decreased by an average of 0.004 IU (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.0020.005, p < 0.001) per day after vaccination (Table2). Lancet (2022) 399:5219. It may affect your immune systems strength or your inflammatory response to the infection. The following outcomes were selected and defined by the authors based on information from regulatory authorities, previous studies, large-scale adverse events initiatives: febrile seizure, aseptic. Opens in a new tab or window, Visit us on YouTube. It varies from person to person, but how dramatic the initial response is does not necessarily relate to the long-term response. Neutralizing antibody levels usually increase after the second administration of mixed vaccines (22, 23). A review of neurological side effects of COVID-19 vaccination. April 5, 2021. The clots can clog up important . Epub 2021 Aug 28. JAMA (2021) 326:204354. A linear regression analysis using a mixed-effect model showed that age, vaccination mode, occupation, interval between doses of vaccination, and vaccination duration were factors significantly associated with the levels of neutralizing antibodies (Tables13; Tables S1S7). 2022 Dec 22;78:100157. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100157. Cytokine levels and lymphocyte subset counts were measured using flow cytometry (Beamcyte-1026; Changzhou Beamdiag Co., Ltd., Changzhou, China). -, Finsterer J, Scorza FA, Scorca CA. Yet these risks are relative, meaning people with type O blood are not immune to COVID-19. BM and JZ collected data and YL reviewed the manuscript. 38 Articles, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107866, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107866/full#supplementary-material, Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
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